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I`ll start this campaign off with a small battlefield tour to explain a bit of what happened in and around my town in 1944.
On September 4th the British 11th Armoured Division started its assault on the city of Antwerp and with it ignited the prospect of drastically shortened supply lines. However, Montgomery was more busy with organising operation Market Garden to allocate sufficient resources for the clearing of Antwerp`s port and the river Scheldt for traffic. It was only after the failure of Market Garden and sustained pressure from the Eisenhower (who realised quite late what importance lay in free use of Antwerp`s port) that Montgomery turned his full attention to the Scheldt estuary.
Two large obstacles prevented free use of the river: Heavy naval guns dug in on the Walcheren peninsula and sea mines sown all across the sea-lanes in the estuary. The business of opening the Scheldt was divided up into two operations: Operation Infatuate would silence the guns and evict the Germans from Walcheren, after which Operation Calendar was aimed at clearing the sea-lanes of mines. Operation Infatuate was preceded by a bombing of the dykes around Walcheren in order to inundate the land. The bombing and consequent flooding killed several dozens of civilians, but also tied down the Germans, denying them the mobile warfare in which they had such great experience.
Vlissingen was both the focus of Infatuate I and the jump-off point for a coup de grace on Middelburg involving LVT-4s from 11RTR, 79Th Armd.Div. and troops from 7/9 Royal Scots, 155th Lowland Brig. It saw some of the hardest fighting on the Island and was the command centre for the coastal batteries. In fact the actual command centre itself, Hotel Britannia, was stormed by the 7/9 Royal Scots. So let`s start off with a plan of Infatuate I. This one is from Osprey`s campaign series ˝Walcheren 1944˝ by Richard Brooks:
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So let`s start off at Uncle beach. The area has been filled in to provide better protection against the sea. That group of people standing near the 17th century guns are Dutch marines, probably out on excursion as well.
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This is one of the first bunkers captured by the jocks. It had a commanding view of the shipping lanes. The bunker lies directly next to Uncle and now very well restored. Note the zeltbahn hanging in the hallway.
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Just some shots of the areas that had to be secured as a bridgehead. Troon and Fallmouth:
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The last image shows the view from Fallmouth towards the trainstation at Piccadilly. This was one of the last objectives in Vlissingen to be secured by 4th and 5th King`s Own Scottish Borderers. Fist up however, was quickly exploiting the bridgehead. Troops from 4 Commando moved into the town. One of their objectives was the Arsenal building, known to the jocks as Winchester. The photo below shows it on the left. Further on is the statue of Michiel de Ruyter, the most famous privateer in Dutch history. That was Brighton and the location of the german garrison barracks.
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One of the more dangerous points was Braemar, or the Bellamypark. Basically it was a Golden Age merchantsharbour that was filled in to make a square. Here`s what it looks like now:
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and here is what it looked like back then (image courtesy of Beeldbank Zeeuwe Bibliotheek):
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Another legendary point was Bexhill, but it soon became known as ˝Hellfire Corner˝ to the Brits.
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These exposed crossroads were swept by a well-placed 2cm Flakvierling at point Dover, on the top of Boulevard Banckert. This effectively blocked forward movement and it had to be dealt with. Troops of 4 Commando (French taken from 10 Inter-allied Commando) mouse-holed through houses on both sides and the silenced the Flakvierling by pounding it with PIATs from the upper floors. The photo was taken at Dover, looking down onto Bexhill
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Close to that area, troops from 452 Batt. 1st Mountain Regt. delivered an interesting feat of strength by carrying a 3.7in mountain gun up to the first floor of a house in order to engage a well dug-in pillbox in the Spuikom. The following photo was taken from the bunker`s approximate location. Vegetation would have been much less back then. The howitzer would have been in one of the houses visible on the left.
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Now a special bit all about 7/9 Royal Scots. They were given the task of securing the Hotel Britannia. They were told that it would be a relatively easy target with little opposition on the way there. Nothing more than a few rifle companies` work. Yet, after careful study of the plans and photographs, Colonel Melvill decided to take everything except A coy. It would prove to be a sound decision. Most of the area between their starting point at Bexhill and their objective was flooded, which made progress slow and would leave them dangerously exposed. The first test was at the end of the Badhuisstraat, when a German MG team in the commanding Water tower opened up on them. The photo was taken in the direction of the Badhuisstraat, where 7/9 would be coming from.
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Beyond that, they had to wade through villa park, the flooding was so deep in places that the carriers couldn`t follow and most of the heavy equipment had to be carried, whilst the jocks were wading with the water almost literally at their lips.
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Then the objective itself, Hotel Britannia, was almost completely destroyed by mortars, grenades and small arms fire. It raged for hours and was some of the most savage in all of the campaign. After the battle was done, this was all that was left of the hotel (image again courtesy of Beelbank Zeeuwse Bibliotheek):
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Today, nothing is left of the hotel. Even the replacement built in the 50s has been almost completely demolished.
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The men of 7/9 would go on to capture Middelburg. LVTs of 11 RTR assembled at the abandoned airfield. Nowadays the location of a large supermarket and DIY store
On a personal note, this is how close the remains of the war have been all my life. The bunker below is less than 500m from where I live. I`ve played there as a kid and I still pass it by every time I walk to the train station.
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No pics of the LVT so far, but I think you`ve seen enough from me for now
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