it's where the bolts that secure the counterweight go. I managed to find this by googling:
![](../../../farm8.staticflickr.com/7321/16376060818_ef5e3b77f5_o.jpg)
If you enlarge, you can make out "counterweight key", "counterweight lock", and "3/8(?)x 1/2 hex head bolt". The groove corresponds to a groove in the muzzle where the lock and bolts would go to secure the counterweight/muzzle brake from turning.