_GOTOBOTTOM
Armor/AFV: Modern - USA
Modern Armor, AFVs, and Support vehicles.
Hosted by Darren Baker
US Humvee replacement.
HILBERT
Visit this Community
Zuid-Holland, Netherlands
Joined: August 07, 2004
KitMaker: 4,808 posts
Armorama: 1,069 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 02:54 AM UTC
I read today a article in the local newspaper (Spits).
And it wrote this (translated ofcourse):

US is going to replace the Humvee.

The US Army is going to replace the Humvee soon.
That wrote the USA today yesterday. The vehicle isn't suitable for modern combat in cities. In Irak and Afghanistan drive at this time 24.000 Humvee's.
The vehicles has been blowing up in a regular time.

(sorry for my bad translation)

But why does they replace it? I think it's stupid, why they don't make the vehicle better for combat in cities.

I think the next vehicle is still secret, but I'm asking it anyway, what's the next vehicle??




matt
Staff MemberCampaigns Administrator
Visit this Community
New York, United States
Joined: February 28, 2002
KitMaker: 5,957 posts
Armorama: 2,956 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 03:09 AM UTC
Under criticism for the Humvee's vulnerability to roadside bombs and suicide attacks in Iraq, the Pentagon has said it will step up its search for a replacement.

The armor bieng added is also making Maintenece a nightmare as well.
SEDimmick
Visit this Community
New Jersey, United States
Joined: March 15, 2002
KitMaker: 1,745 posts
Armorama: 1,483 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 03:13 AM UTC
Well often newspapers totally screw up articles..and this sounds like one of those cases of poor research screwing up an article.

I haven't heard anything about the US replacing Humvees on my end. Its not as much as the Humvee being obsolete or anything, just that its very wide vehicle compared to the M151 Jeep its replaced, making it diffcult to operate down narrow roads and trails. Not to mention that its being up armored (a role it was never intended to do) due to IEDs, I wouldn't be the least be surprised to see the US looking at new smaller armored vehicles to supplement the Humvee in certain situations like Convoy duties in Iraq.

Ah Google to the rescue:

http://www.usatoday.com/news/world/2005-08-23-humvee-designs_x.htm
matt
Staff MemberCampaigns Administrator
Visit this Community
New York, United States
Joined: February 28, 2002
KitMaker: 5,957 posts
Armorama: 2,956 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 03:19 AM UTC
http://www.washtimes.com/upi-breaking/20050505-051028-2303r.htm
http://news.yahoo.com/news?tmpl=story&u=/usatoday/20050824/ts_usatoday/efforttoreplacehumveespedup
USArmy2534
Visit this Community
Indiana, United States
Joined: January 28, 2004
KitMaker: 2,716 posts
Armorama: 1,864 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 03:21 AM UTC
The Humvee has been around since the 80s and is running out of steam in its currect state. Military vehicles can only be upgraded and upengined so much, before things just collapse (structurally, financially, politically, etc). They have to be replaced. While I am not familiar with the article, I believe what you read was about the Army in its initial search and R&D for a new light utility vehicle.

The military is constantly looking for the next big thing, a replacement for something. Generally a few things result from this:

The military doesn't find anything, and goes on to the next thing.
The military finds something, but can't get the money for it, or the technology for it doesn't exist yet.
The military finds something, and gets Congressional support for money (the kicker for anything in the military).

Another example. In the late 80s, the US Air Force sent out a request for an aircraft to replace the F-15. A winner was chosen in 1991: the (then) F-22. The (now) F/A-22 Raptor is just now entering service 14 years later; don't even ask when it'll see combat. My point is, the Army, in looking for a replacement for the Humvee, isn't going to pick something overnight. By the time a winner is chosen and initial vehicles are fielded, it will be long overdue for a replacement. It sucks to see such staples of the military go (F-14 anyone? ), but it happens.

Jeff
HeavyArty
Visit this Community
Florida, United States
Joined: May 16, 2002
KitMaker: 17,694 posts
Armorama: 13,742 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 03:30 AM UTC
Actually, this is not new news. There have been R&D teams working on a replacement for the HMMWV for a few years now. Everything Jeff said above is true. There have been a bunch of vehices tested, but none have been proven to be better than the HMMWV. I suspect the HMMWV will be around for some time to come.
HunterCottage
#116
Visit this Community
Stockholm, Sweden
Joined: December 19, 2001
KitMaker: 1,717 posts
Armorama: 629 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 04:01 AM UTC
But isn't it also more of a point to replace something when there is better and newer technology??

I understand that experience is gained through usage. But any working system can easily be upgraded.

If I understand the situation correctly, there are many field upgrades on up-armoring a Humvee. Which would also account for the chaos with maintenance. Extra stress on the major components of the motor due to the extra weight which it was not originally engineered for.

At any rate I'll gladly take an used Humvee off the Army's hands it they don't want it any more. I won't be able to drive it due to the lack of parts and wallet to gas it up, but what the heck!!!
Trisaw
Visit this Community
California, United States
Joined: December 24, 2002
KitMaker: 4,105 posts
Armorama: 2,492 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 05:29 AM UTC
The problem with the U.S. vehicles often comes from politics and lack of variants. For example, the Humvee has been exported to make the Otokar Cobra (Turkey) which is fully armored nose-to-tail and has a fully-enclosed turret. Swiss MOWAG also took the Humvee chassis and made the Eagle, also more armored and with a fully-enclosed turret than the M1114, respectively. Both Eagle and Cobra are designed and built from the chassis up and are in effect better than the M1114. The same goes for the F-16 with Block 60s and above being sold to foreign air forces, which of course means that the USAF doesn't have the best F-16s for its pilots.

Instead of making an armored Humvee from chassis up on the assembly line, the U.S. instead takes built Humvees, ships them to another state, guts the interior, and uparmors them that way to make the M1114, which doesn't make as much sense as factory-fresh armored Humvees.

Politics also comes to play. The U.S. Army acts as a ladder with M1s and M2s on the top of the food chain and trucks, trailers, and Humvees at the bottom. Funds always comes top-down. Every military branch has this issue---superstars vs. grunts and the stars get all the money, attention, and glamour. The only wheeled superstar in the U.S. Army is the Stryker. The rest are buried under armored tracks.

Then comes OIF and OEF and guess who are the grunts turned superstars? The trucks, trailers, and Humvees, long ignored as "adequate enough." Well, they're not adequate since they're not true combat vehicles or even armored cars.

I don't want to sound anti-American, but a lot of the problems Humvees, trucks, and trailers face today is how politics and the Govt. operate. We all heard the saying, "If it's not broken, DON'T FIX IT!" A lot of people follow this motto. A classic example is NASA's space shuttle. It wasn't broken, so nothing was fixed until something broke and everything ground to a halt. Now foam broke off from the fuel tank (again) and NASA has to fix it when perhaps the solution is to find a replacement long ago.

One issue I also dislike about these U.S. Army "replacement ideas" is the 1:1 basis such as the Humvee replaces the M151 and "Humvee replacement" replaces Humvee. There is no other alternative, and when it comes to land warfare, the emerging and different threats are more than say air combat. While I understand a 1 for 1 replacement is to save cost and maintenance, I do believe that at times, there should be more variants, more tools in the toolbox, more vehicles to choose from such as the British have with their variety of armored cars (see Jane's tank guide or the Russians have with their variety of BTR turrets). For example, if you want a SUV, wouldn't it stink to have just one to chose from one manufacturer that makes it? (And what happens if that manufacturer goes on strike or can't meet production orders?). The space shuttle is that way (the only U.S. ticket to get people into space) and now the U.S. Govt. is rediscovering the use of rockets. Corporate sector and private security companies are another story...
kglack43
Visit this Community
Alabama, United States
Joined: September 18, 2003
KitMaker: 842 posts
Armorama: 607 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 05:55 AM UTC
Lawrence Livermore National Laboratorie's new version of the "Gun Truck" is currently in-use in iraq. About thirty are presently on the ground. THIS is what convoy protection is....NOT the uparmoured HMMVV



CAPTION FOR BOTTOM PHOTO:A gun truck, with an armor kit developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory researchers and engineers, was struck by an improvised explosive device on March 23, 2005, southwest of Fallujah, Iraq. All seven U.S. soldiers in the vehicle at the time of the attack walked away unharmed.

QUOTE FROM ARTICLE:
To date, some 31 trucks have been outfitted with the armor protection kits and are being used in convoys on Iraqi roads, with plans for the assembly of dozens more gun truck kits in the near future.
...Livermore researchers have created a modular, easy-to-assemble armor protection kit that, with the addition of several machine guns, allows the military to convert five-ton supply trucks into gun trucks to protect convoys.
In recent weeks, the U.S. Army has allocated $2 million and DARPA $1.5 million to permit the production of gun box armor kits for 80 more trucks.

The House Armed Services Committee Chairman, Rep. Duncan Hunter (R-Calif), asked the Laboratory to develop modern gun truck armor kits.At a demonstration of the armor kits today, Hunter praised the "great talented folks" at LLNL who developed the armor kits that helped protect seven soldiers traveling in an Iron Horse truck that was "hit by a major IED (improvised explosive device) – a huge blast. The driver sent back a message, ‘All seven are breathing today,’ and sends his thanks," Hunter said.Each gun truck kit, which consists of readily available and low-cost armor steel and ballistic fiberglass panels, provides a wall of protection around the back of the truck and for the truck cab. Each side wall is topped by two-foot by two-foot sections of transparent armor to protect machine gun operators (gun trucks usually carry two to four machine guns).
Soldiers With Gun Trucks

Gun trucks were used during the Vietnam War. In developing the new gun truck kits, the LLNL researchers used information from the Vietnam-era gun truck veterans and designed upgrades to reflect the differences in the Iraq war.

Need we say more? Right Animal?

hehe
USArmy2534
Visit this Community
Indiana, United States
Joined: January 28, 2004
KitMaker: 2,716 posts
Armorama: 1,864 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 07:45 AM UTC

Quoted Text


In recent weeks, the U.S. Army has allocated $2 million and DARPA $1.5 million to permit the production of gun box armor kits for 80 more trucks.



This is a great case in point. The US Government (in general, not just the military) works on the lowest bidder concept. Instead of building a brand new mission specific vehicle - in this case, a guntruck - 80 existing trucks (surely needed for hauling supplies), are uparmored for $3.5 mil (less considering that money is allocated for R&D, personnel costs, etc. as well as the actual building costs). Politicians benefit from the "pork" of having the work done in their state, the military gets (relatively) what it wanted/needed - everyone is happy; until it breaks.

I am not saying whether this process is right or wrong, just that that is the way it is.

Jeff
Trisaw
Visit this Community
California, United States
Joined: December 24, 2002
KitMaker: 4,105 posts
Armorama: 2,492 posts
Posted: Thursday, August 25, 2005 - 09:41 AM UTC
And there you go...

Compared to how many M1A2s that are going to receive the TUSK kit upgrades, or M2A2s that are going to get ERA, or Strykers that are going to get Slat Armor, the Army having only 31 M923 LLNL guntrucks with 80 more on order for just $3.5M goes to show anyone reading this about Army politics and how these politics are often so entrenched that they cannot be fixed.

The politics: AFVs with tracks get the funding first (and the most) and everything else (minus Stryker) gets it last (or the least). $3.5M is track dust to the M1 community, but to the truck fleet it's a lot of gold coins. As USNavy2534 said, most times the Army looks for "the next big thing" for superstar items like tanks and helicopters, not trucks and trailers. Now the Army is focusing on replacing the truck fleet soon, but as I said, I'm not too fond of the one-for-one design basis anymore (such as the space shuttle replaced all manned capsule rockets until---oops---the U.S. Govt. can't get astronauts back into space anymore without a shuttle!).

My point is that U.S. tanks and AFVs often evolve: M1, M1IP, M1A1, M1A1 AIM, M1A2, M1A2 SEP, M1A2 SEP TUSK, M2, M2A2, M2A2 ERA, M2A3, and M2A3 ERA whereas those vehicles not in the spotlight often don't. The Humvee is old. The M1114 is still a slap-on job. Case in point, AM General made the civilian Hummer, Hummer H2, and now Hummer H3 in a few short years compared to a military Humvee designed in the 1980s and still looks the same in 2005. While there may be nothing wrong with the military Humvee, it's not changing for the U.S. Army as foreign nations change it into the armored Cobra and Eagle, and certainly not like the civilian Hummer which has more variants and evolutions from H0 to H3. Yeah, I say replace the Humvee with something better---or two or three.

And that's Army politics for you...M1s, M2s, and Stryker upgrades the public knows more about than trucks, trailers, and Humvees.
Jaster
Visit this Community
Michigan, United States
Joined: January 15, 2002
KitMaker: 579 posts
Armorama: 0 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 02:13 PM UTC
Pete / All,

Just to clarify-


Quoted Text

AM General made the civilian Hummer, Hummer H2, and now Hummer H3 in a few short years compared to a military Humvee designed in the 1980s and still looks the same in 2005.



General Motors makes the H2 & H3s. They are not really Hummers, but are actually built on GM light truck architectures. H2= Suburban; H3=Trailblazer. They do have some degree of upgraded components, but are still Chevy trucks at the end of the day.

All that said...it is interesting that other, "less sophisticated" nations have built real Hummer variants that exceed the capability of the piecemeal US variants.

Jim


HeavyArty
Visit this Community
Florida, United States
Joined: May 16, 2002
KitMaker: 17,694 posts
Armorama: 13,742 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 03:01 PM UTC

Quoted Text

All that said...it is interesting that other, "less sophisticated" nations have built real Hummer variants that exceed the capability of the piecemeal US variants.



This is still left to be seen. Just because it is built on a HMMWV chasis and has an armored body, doesn't mean it is any better. The M1114 is pretty well protected. It has about the same level of crew protection as an M113.
PZKFWIII
Visit this Community
Pennsylvania, United States
Joined: January 30, 2003
KitMaker: 119 posts
Armorama: 0 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 03:03 PM UTC

Quoted Text

CAPTION FOR BOTTOM PHOTO:A gun truck, with an armor kit developed by Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory researchers and engineers, was struck by an improvised explosive device on March 23, 2005, southwest of Fallujah, Iraq. All seven U.S. soldiers in the vehicle at the time of the attack walked away unharmed.



Not trying to instigate... But look where the truck was hit. No where near the armor. (also no where near the crew)

The Iraqis are getting smarter, and the IEDs are getting better.

As far as the replacement for the Hummer goes, The government has been looking for quite some time for a lower cost alternative. Heck, Dodge Rams all beefed up were considered. (check a copy of Soldiers magazine from about a year ago).

Rich
slynch1701
Visit this Community
Illinois, United States
Joined: March 08, 2005
KitMaker: 340 posts
Armorama: 290 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 03:24 PM UTC
This is more of an aside comment, but here it goes. I find it interesting that they are looking t replace the HMMV after roughly 20-25 years, while the original jeep(ok not origingal, but close to it) was in service form WWII until the 80's (and maybe 90's in Gaurd units). I don't mean to knock the Humvee, I just find it interesting that the military replaces something then soon replaces it again when they may have alreadyhad something that worked well for a long time. Another case in point is the A-10, which they were going to shelf and then oops, it works so lets keep it. I just have to wonder if they need to study things a bit better before they replace them.

(I hope you understand my point, as it is firday and I have been drinking

Sean
kglack43
Visit this Community
Alabama, United States
Joined: September 18, 2003
KitMaker: 842 posts
Armorama: 607 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 04:38 PM UTC
**Note* this is just my opinion here guys...--HMMWV's have their place in today's military...just NOT as convoy escort and protection...I think that's what we are talking about here. The HMMWV was never meant to be a heavely armoured vehicle. It was to b a multi variant platform for numerous configurations to fill, not only the hole left by the JEEP, but to replace other types of trucks the military uses (ambulances, small cargo/crew, utility, radio/transmission and others). As was proven during the later days af the Vietnam conflict, the GunTruck concept was born out of a need to help protect our convoys while at the same time protecting the men inand on the vehicles. The Iraq war is another such situation where we find ourselves needing to protect our convoys in hostile territory. What amazes me is that it has taken this long and we have lost countless lives to IED's when we should have remembered a lesson we learned over 30 years ago.
Last week I talked to a crew member of a HMMWV in convoy protection (he was home for his 2 week stateside visit) He wishes he had alittle more between him and the IED's than the uparmoured version he is assigned to.

As for the damaged truck in the bottom photo...sure, it was struck in the cab area, but none of the seven crew members were injured. Not even the driver and passinger in the cab (which was rinforced with the kit) or the men in the protected rear cargo area of the truck.

cheers to you Sean
and god help our brave soldiers
sgtsauer
#065
Visit this Community
Missouri, United States
Joined: March 30, 2002
KitMaker: 2,605 posts
Armorama: 1,814 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 05:22 PM UTC
I think the problem with the Hummer in this situation is that the Army is trying to make the Hummer do a job it wasn't designed for. If the Army wants an armored escort vehicle, they need to buy a vehicle designed to be heavily armored from the beginning. For example the Guarding AFV's that are currently in use by the MP's or something along the lines of the LAV II or III family.

The Hummer was designed for as a multi-purpose vehicle (High Mobility Multipurpose Wheeled Vehicle) not a combat platform and somewhere over the years this concept seems to have been lost. The original up-armored version made sense but this stuff they are doing to them now seems ridiculous. Buy a purpose built armored vehicle for pete's sake. Not a bunch of band-aid armored kits.

For the most part, the days of linear combat boundaries (front lines) are history. It is time for the Army to abandon their vehicle buying decisions based on the old combat theories and start buying vehicles that can fight and survive in todays reality of non-linear combat.

From what I've seen, these band-aid armored kits aren't saving the vehicles, just the soldiers lives. It is good the soldiers lives are being saved but they should buy a vehicle that will survive the incident most of the time also.

Am I making any sense or just babbeling?
HeavyArty
Visit this Community
Florida, United States
Joined: May 16, 2002
KitMaker: 17,694 posts
Armorama: 13,742 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 05:58 PM UTC
Hummers serve their purpose well. I would rather they save the soldier's lives and the vehicle gets destroyed. We can always make more vehicles, more lives are hard to come by. Furthermore, no vehicle is impervious to attack and especially explosive devices and roadside bombs. It doesn't matter how hardened or tough you make a vehicle. They will always be vulnerable. The IED (bomb) that took out the AAV a few weeks ago was thought to be at least 5 152mm shell and a buttload of C4 strapped together. It doesn't matter how tough your vehicle is, it won't stand that kind of explosion. If you remember, an M1A2 was taken out last year by a huge IED as well. Multiple M2A2 ODS Bradley's with reactive armor and M113s have also been destroyed. The key is to stop the emplacement of the IED by aggressive patrols and survielance, and to kill the bomb makers and layers.


no-neck
Visit this Community
Oregon, United States
Joined: August 26, 2005
KitMaker: 87 posts
Armorama: 20 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 07:07 PM UTC
And I thought we had woken up from the Vietnam nightmare. Remember the early M-16sand the polyester underwear?
jazza
Visit this Community
Singapore / 新加坡
Joined: August 03, 2005
KitMaker: 2,709 posts
Armorama: 1,818 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 08:00 PM UTC
Mind you the hummer is still one of the better light infantry transport vehicles when you compare it with other countries. You cant compare the hummer to tanks for obvious reasons and as Gino mentioned, nothing is indestructable. I would be interested to see what replaces the hummer too.

If you compare the light transport vehicles to the ones in New Zealand's (Unimog) and Singapore's jeep, the hummer still prevails in terms of its infrastructure any day.
HILBERT
Visit this Community
Zuid-Holland, Netherlands
Joined: August 07, 2004
KitMaker: 4,808 posts
Armorama: 1,069 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 09:44 PM UTC
I think they did a good thing to make the Humvee for modern combats.
But they are old and they grow out for combat these days .
What I mean the specifications for combat in iraq are not enough to resist an impact from a bomb a shell or other things.
Oke it's treu they give the crue more time to fight back or to run away.
Why don't they addapt the vehicle with more armor and better materials? I think that would be a lot better then replace the whole vehicle.

It is almost the same as the F-15 (I thought the Eagle, I'm not sure)
And the new aircraft F-22 Raptor.
The US army needs new and mostly better vehicles to decide the rules in combat.

matt
Staff MemberCampaigns Administrator
Visit this Community
New York, United States
Joined: February 28, 2002
KitMaker: 5,957 posts
Armorama: 2,956 posts
Posted: Friday, August 26, 2005 - 10:20 PM UTC
The chassis as is will only hold so much weight. it's kinda hard to strenghen the chassis without making major modifications to the rest of the vehicle too.

They are working on "heavier" variants...... But as stated.... NOTHING is going to be completly safe
sgtsauer
#065
Visit this Community
Missouri, United States
Joined: March 30, 2002
KitMaker: 2,605 posts
Armorama: 1,814 posts
Posted: Saturday, August 27, 2005 - 12:54 AM UTC
I wasn't meaning to downplay the significance of saving a soldiers life at the expense of a vehicle. I am in my 17th year of Army service so, I wholeheartedly support doing anything possible to save soldiers.

The point I was trying to make was that I feel the solution isn't to sink millions of dollars into band-aid armor kits for hummers but to buy some better armored wheeled fighting vehicles.

I know there isn't a "perfect" vehicle out there that can withstand all IED attacks. But, I do believe the military can buy something better than an armored humvee for convoy escort duty.
kglack43
Visit this Community
Alabama, United States
Joined: September 18, 2003
KitMaker: 842 posts
Armorama: 607 posts
Posted: Saturday, August 27, 2005 - 01:21 AM UTC
or...we could just withdarw all forces...and let the locals fight it out ...that way the HMMWV's could go back to their original intent and be deligated to local guard units so they could keep back the teenagers in America during the next rebellion wars.

hehe
Trisaw
Visit this Community
California, United States
Joined: December 24, 2002
KitMaker: 4,105 posts
Armorama: 2,492 posts
Posted: Saturday, August 27, 2005 - 05:39 AM UTC
Folks,

How HARD it is to change American ways? I find it pretty darn hard. A while back, I posted on a DG that the U.S. conventional forces need a TRUE armored car even since the Somalia days. The M1114 was meant for the MPs and the M1117 only had 96 then-on-order. Even with the deaths of 18 U.S. soldiers in Somalia, response to the problem was lackluster. Do you know what the DG responses were? "Isn't the Stryker an `armored car?' Isn't the USMC LAV-25 an `armored car?' Isn't the M1117 an `armored car?' Isn't the M1114 an `armored car?'"

OK, if such people see it only from the AMERICAN standpoint: USMC LAV-25 = still USMC. Stryker = only SCBT. M1117 and M1114 = then MP. And for Army conventional forces = still no armored car. And then the replies were, "Oh, U.S. MPs need armored cars, not other soldiers who are combat." OK, then...bring home every non-MP soldier then. See, some Americans don't see this as a problem, respectively. Instead they see maintenance headaches, high costs, training problems, etc. But they don't see it from the soldiers' perspective per se.

So, if there is such an attitude and "we do no wrong" thinking on the DGs, imagine how the REAL ARMY bureaucracy is! And I don't have to tell fictional stories: Space Shuttle Columbia..."Should we take spy pics of it in orbit? It is fine! It is not fine!" Finally, the decision was made by one manager. What happened? The engineers who squealed quit their jobs; the manager who said "no" just got transferred and kept her job (IIRC).

The soldier in Iraq who stood up to Rumsfeld about lack of Humvee armor got "flamed" on the DGs as being "anti-soldier." Yet Rumsfeld's reply seemed to suggest that the Govt. wasn't going to support the soldier---soldier's on his own---and Rumsfeld got a pat-on-the-back. As such, who wants to stand up anymore? Who wants to strive to change things? But I tell you, that soldier standing up got attention on armor like never before! What sad is that he didn't get it from the U.S. Govt., but from the U.S. media! And boy, I tell ya, that changed the U.S. Govt's thinking!

My point of my rambles is to show how hard it is sometimes for the American thinking to change, to adapt, to modify, and to push down the superstars and to push up the grunts.

I agree that a new vehicle is needed, not so much a replacement for the Humvee, but a true armored car. Yet the American Army is mostly reactive, not proactive (unlike MOWAG and Otokar). We have no German Wiesels, Fennek, Dingo, Luchs, or Fuchs. We have no French VAB, AMX-10RC, AML, or VBL. We have no Japanese Type 89 or LAV. We have no Russian BTR or BRDM. We have no UK Saxon, Scimitar, Spartan, Saladin, Saracen, Ferret, etc. for our CONVENTIONAL non-SBCT and MP forces. Only NOW do M1114s go outside of MP units.

If "transformational" for the U.S. Army is to yield just 18 FCS variants, well FCS is still COMBAT! (Top of the ladder yet again!).

As the other DG replies to my post show, does it hurt the U.S. that we don't have this-and-that variant? I say "yes," others say "no." So what can I say? The general American public will never understand. The general American public thinks that all the taxes being paid pays for such items when in truth it goes to the top of the ladder (FCS) and works its way down. (Such as missile defense---billions there).

NOTE: The Otokar Cobra is the only Humvee armored variant that can withstand a claymore mine...says Jane's. Also, how many soldiers died because there's no fully-enclosed turret until one gets to the M2 Bradley weight and armor level? (If M1117 ASV is excluded). The Europeans and Russians already have fully-enclosed armored turrets at their armored car level.

These are hard questions the Govt. should answer, but who's responsible? (Actually, Sec. of Defense should be. It's his defense department).

FCS = Future COMBAT System, and not trucks, Humvees, or trailers.
 _GOTOTOP